College education means education at an institution that provides an educational program for which it awards a bachelor's or higher degree, or at an institution that provides not less than a two-year program which is acceptable for full credit toward such a degree.
A college (Latin: collegium) is an educational institution or a constituent part of one. A college may be a degree-awarding tertiary educational institution, a part of a collegiate or federal university, an institution offering vocational education, a further education institution, or a secondary school.
In most of the world, a college may be a high school or secondary school, a college of further education, a training institution that awards trade qualifications, a higher-education provider that does not have university status (often without its own degree-awarding powers), or a constituent part of a university. In the United States, a college may offer undergraduate programs – either as an independent institution or as the undergraduate program of a university – or it may be a residential college of a university or a community college, referring to (primarily public) higher education institutions that aim to provide affordable and accessible education, usually limited to two-year associate degrees.[1] The word is generally also used as a synonym for a university in the US.[2] Colleges in countries such as France, Belgium, and Switzerland provide secondary education.
An institution of higher learning, especially one providing a general or liberal arts education rather than technical or professional training. Compare university. a constituent unit of a university, furnishing courses of instruction in the liberal arts and sciences, usually leading to a bachelor's degree.
The idea that a college trains for a degree and a university grants it was strong in the 19th-century British system. Two colleges were founded in London in the 1820s, but in 1836 the University of London was founded to grant degrees to their students. Many other colleges—most of them physically remote from each other—have affiliated with that university. The University of Durham was founded in 1837 as an Oxford-model campus with several colleges for residence and teaching; it later acquired affiliate colleges elsewhere—some in British colonies. University colleges were founded by Roman Catholics in Ireland in the 1850s; their students were usually examined for degrees at established universities until the National University of Ireland was founded in 1908. Other universities with colleges were founded. But English universities founded after 1879—commonly called “red brick” universities—have no colleges. The University of St. Andrews in Scotland is composed of two colleges.
Colleges disappeared from Paris and the rest of continental Europe during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic periods. But colleges have retained their function at Oxford and Cambridge, although the trend has been to share instructors and resources among themselves and with the universities. The Swedish nation and the Spanish colegio are contemporary continental efforts to gain some of the advantages of the older system Dublin University and its first college—Trinity—were both founded in 1591; the college and the university became almost one because no other colleges were founded, although distant Magee College later affiliated.
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